EV Startups Lucid and Rivian Deliver First Models to Customers

The rollout of these first models is a milestone for the two upstarts and gives them an advantage in the race among electric-vehicle startups. The next challenge will be increasing factory output to boost sales, said

Peter Rawlinson,

Lucid’s chief executive. Lucid said it plans to make roughly 575 cars by the end of 2021 and increase that to 20,000 next year.

“What’s next is just getting the volume ramped up and pushing like crazy,” Mr. Rawlinson said.

Both Rivian and Lucid are scaling operations as Tesla’s valuation has continued to soar, crossing the $1 trillion mark last week.

Enthusiasm for electric vehicles, both among car buyers and on Wall Street, has been rising over the past couple of years. Electric-vehicle sales in the U.S. climbed 57% in September over the prior-year period, according to analysts from Morgan Stanley. And the Biden administration is pushing to extend the $7,500 tax credit now available for electric-vehicle purchases, as well as other additional incentives, to further stoke demand for plug-in models.

Lucid’s stock surged last week, jumping more than 50%, following tweets that the company was beginning deliveries and Tesla’s deal to sell its cars to

Hertz Global Holdings Inc.

The company is valued at nearly $60 billion, about $8.4 billion behind Ford, which had almost $100 billion more in sales through the first nine months of 2021.

Rivian, a company that started in Michigan and later moved its headquarters to California, has raised roughly $10.5 billion in the private markets since the start of 2019 and now is getting ready for an initial public offering.

At its latest capital raise in July, Rivian was valued at $27.6 billion, according to a person familiar with the raise. Amazon on Friday said it owned about 20% of Rivian and valued its stake at $3.8 billion.

Rivian declined to comment for the story ahead of its IPO.

Still, in the capital-intensive auto industry, there is a history of startups that have launched and folded later, and both Lucid and Rivian have had to spend heavily before shipping their first vehicles.

Lucid lost $3.6 billion in the first half of 2021, while Rivian spent $2 billion from the start of last year through the end of June 2021.

One of the biggest challenges these two companies will confront is mastering the intricacies of mass production, analysts say.

Tyson Jominy, vice president of data and analytics at J.D. Power, said launching a model that has never been built before in an all-new factory is difficult for more experienced auto makers. “How much more so will it be for those who are kind of learning on the fly?” he added.

Lucid and Rivian will also be squaring off with deeper-pocketed auto makers, analysts say, and will need to build brand awareness.

“It’s going to be a really tall order to establish positions in this market,” said

Aakash Arora,

a managing partner on Boston Consulting Group’s automotive team.

In many ways, both Lucid and Rivian are following Tesla’s lead. They plan to sell vehicles directly to consumers, bypassing the traditional dealer network, and Rivian plans to build its own network of fast-charges for drivers to use, helping to address a key concern for car buyers about not having enough places to plug in.

The two companies have also hired several former Tesla executives over the years, including engineers and manufacturing executives, to help build their businesses.

Lucid’s Mr. Rawlinson was once Tesla’s chief engineer overseeing the development of the Model S.

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